285 lines
9.1 KiB
HTML
Executable File
285 lines
9.1 KiB
HTML
Executable File
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/stylesheet.css" />
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<title>objects (lesson 4)</title>
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<meta
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charset="UTF-8"
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name="viewport"
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content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"
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/>
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<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/assets/tp-favicon.png" />
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 class="title">
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lesson 4 -
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<span style="vertical-align: -50%" class="title-emphasis"
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>objects eh?</span
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>
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</h1>
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<h2 class="title box-title">navigation</h2>
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<div class="box" style="text-align: center">
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<a class="link" style="float: left" href="3">prev </a>
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<a class="link" href="./"> index </a>
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<a class="link" style="float: right" href="5"> next</a>
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</div>
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<h2 class="title box-title">vocab</h2>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<p>
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lukin - eye; look at, see, examine, observe, read, watch; look for,
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seek
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</p>
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<p> kule - colourful, pigmented, painted</p>
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<p> pali - do, take action on, work on; build make, prepare</p>
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<p> tomo - indoor space; building, home, house, room</p>
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<p> telo - water, liquid, fluid, wet substance; beverage</p>
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<p> moku - to eat, drink, consume, swallow, ingest</p>
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<p> olin - love, have compassion for, respect, show affection to</p>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ particles</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<p> e - marks the direct object</p>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ notes</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<p>
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<i>pali</i> is not a general do like in english. every word in toki pona
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has the act of doing built into it when used as a verb.
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</p>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">i did this</p>
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<p>~ mi ni</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h2 class="title box-title">lesson</h2>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ direct objects</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<p>
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you use the particle <i>e</i> to indicate the
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<span class="object">direct object</span>, the one being affected by the
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<span class="predicate">predicate</span>.
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</p>
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<div class="quote">
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<p>
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<span class="subject">subject</span> li
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<span class="predicate">predicate</span> e
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<span class="object">direct object</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">jan</span> li
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<span class="predicate">pali</span> e <span class="object">tomo</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~ <span class="subject">the people</span>
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<span class="predicate">are building</span>
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<span class="object">a house</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ complex ideas</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<p>
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when you want to express more complex ideas, you should often split it
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up into several sentences.
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</p>
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<p>
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you use the words <i>ni</i> or <i>ona</i> to refer to ideas you've
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already said or are going to say. <i>ni</i> is a bit broader than
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<i>ona</i>.
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</p>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">i saw the person who's building the house</p>
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<p>
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~ <span class="subject">mi</span>
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<span class="predicate">lukin</span> e
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<span class="object">jan</span> · <span class="subject">ona</span> li
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<span class="predicate">pali</span> e
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<span class="object">tomo</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~ <span class="subject">i</span> <span class="predicate">saw</span>
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<span class="object">a person</span>.
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<span class="subject">they</span>
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<span class="predicate">were building</span>
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<span class="object">a house</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">mi</span> <span class="predicate">lukin</span> e
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<span class="object">ni</span> · <span class="subject">sina</span>
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<span class="predicate">olin</span> e <span class="object">mi</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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<span class="subject">i</span> <span class="predicate">see</span>
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<span class="object">this</span>: <span class="subject">you</span>
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<span class="predicate">love</span> <span class="object">me</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ examples</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">moku ni</span> li
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<span class="predicate">wawa</span> e
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<span class="object">jan</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~
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<span class="subject">this food</span>
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<span class="predicate">strengthens</span>
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<span class="object">people</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">jan</span> li
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<span class="predicate">musi ike</span> e
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<span class="object">soweli lili</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~
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<span class="subject">the person</span>
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<span class="predicate">is poorly entertaining</span>
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<span class="object">the small animals</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">ona</span> li
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<span class="predicate">pali wawa</span> e
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<span class="object">musi</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~
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<span class="subject">they</span>
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<span class="predicate">are confidently making</span>
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<span class="object">games</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="quote">
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<p class="sentence">
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<span class="subject">waso</span> li
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<span class="predicate">lukin</span> e
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<span class="object">ni</span> ·
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<span class="subject">soweli sina</span> li
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<span class="predicate">sin</span>
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</p>
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<p>
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~
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<span class="subject">the bird</span>
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<span class="predicate">sees</span> <span class="object">that</span>
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<span class="subject">your pet</span>
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<span class="predicate">is new</span>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">~ note about punctuation</h3>
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<div class="box">
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<p>toki pona has no defined punctuation. the only thing that's necessary is some way to separate sentences.</p>
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<p>
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i opted to use an interpunct inbetween sentences as the only punctuation
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throughout this course.
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</p>
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<p>
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usually, it's very common to separate sentences with a full stop. when
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there's a <i>ni</i> referring to an idea in the next sentence, a colon
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is often used instead.
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</p>
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</div>
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<h2 class="title box-title">exercises</h2>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">
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~ translate from toki pona to english
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</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<details>
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<summary>mi olin e sina</summary>
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<p>i love you</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>telo kule li pona</summary>
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<p>colourful drinks are tasty</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>jan ike li lukin e moku mi</summary>
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<p>an evil person is staring at my food</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>ona li kule mute</summary>
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<p>it's very colourful</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>jan pali mute li kule e tomo moku</summary>
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<p>many workers painted the restaurant</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>mi moku e moku sin sina</summary>
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<p>i eat your new food</p>
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</details>
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</div>
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<h3 class="title box-title sub-title">
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~ translate from english to toki pona
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</h3>
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<div class="box box-top">
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<details>
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<summary>i see that you're cute</summary>
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<p>mi lukin e suwi sina</p>
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<p>mi lukin e ni · sina suwi</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>the animal is eating</summary>
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<p>soweli li moku</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>i'm entertaining the workers</summary>
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<p>mi musi e jan pali</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>i like this restaurant</summary>
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<p>tomo moku ni li pona</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>my girlfriend makes me good</summary>
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<p>jan olin mi li pona e mi</p>
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>i allow you to eat my food</summary>
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<p>mi ken e ni · sina moku e moku mi</p>
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</details>
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<details class="hint">
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<summary>hint</summary>
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<p>i allow this · you eat my food</p>
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</details>
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</div>
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<h2 class="title box-title">navigation</h2>
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<div class="box" style="text-align: center">
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<a class="link" style="float: left" href="3">prev </a>
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<a class="link" href="./"> index </a>
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<a class="link" style="float: right" href="5"> next</a>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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