diff --git a/10/index.html b/10/index.html index d5c3031..3f801ef 100644 --- a/10/index.html +++ b/10/index.html @@ -49,10 +49,14 @@

~ examples

-

a a a
~ hahaha

-

- a, sina sona pona
~ ah, you know well -

+
+

a a a

+

~ hahaha

+
+
+

a, sina sona pona

+

~ ah, you know well

+

exercises

diff --git a/11/index.html b/11/index.html index fb11e64..dfe9b91 100644 --- a/11/index.html +++ b/11/index.html @@ -39,10 +39,10 @@

jo is not the same as english's general to have

"i have a lot of work" is not "mi jo e pali mute"

-

- i have a lot of work
~ mi wile pali - mute -

+
+

i have a lot of work

+

~ mi wile pali mute

+

lesson

@@ -62,20 +62,18 @@ to answer a question like this you repeat the word for yes, and say ala or word ala for no.

-

- sina wile ala wile pali?
- ~ do you want to work?
- wile / ala
- ~ yes / no -

-

- jan ni li suwi ala suwi tawa sina?
- ~ is this person cute in your opinion?
- suwi / - suwi ala
- ~ yes / no -

+
+

sina wile ala wile pali?

+

~ do you want to work?

+

wile / ala

+

~ yes / no

+
+
+

jan ni li suwi ala suwi tawa sina?

+

~ is this person cute in your opinion?

+

suwi / suwi ala

+

~ yes / no

+

~ anu seme?

@@ -92,19 +90,18 @@ if you're unsure of which word to repeat, you could also just say a sentence

-

- sina moku anu seme?
- ~ do you eat?
- moku / ala
- ~ yes / no -

-

- ona li jan poka sina anu seme?
- ~ are they your friend?
- ona li jan poka mi
- ~ they are my friend -

+
+

sina moku anu seme?

+

~ do you eat?

+

moku / ala

+

~ yes / no

+
+
+

ona li jan poka sina anu seme?

+

~ are they your friend?

+

ona li jan poka mi

+

~ they are my friend

+

~ open-ended questions

@@ -117,24 +114,24 @@ if you have phrased the question correctly, the responder should be able to replace the word seme with the answer.

-

- sina seme?
- ~ what are you doing? / who are you?
- mi pakala e ijo / mi soweli Tesa
- ~ i break things / i'm tess -

-

- seme li lon supa?
- ~ what's on the table?
- len jaki
- ~ dirty clothes -

-

- soweli Sijala li lon seme?
- ~ where is tiara?
- ona li lon insa pi poki kala!
- ~ she is inside the aquarium! -

+
+

sina seme?

+

~ what are you doing? / who are you?

+

mi pakala e ijo / mi soweli Tesa

+

~ i break things / i'm tess

+
+
+

seme li lon supa?

+

~ what's on the table?

+

len jaki

+

~ dirty clothes

+
+
+

soweli Sijala li lon seme?

+

~ where is tiara?

+

ona li lon insa pi poki kala!

+

~ she is inside the aquarium!

+

exercises

diff --git a/12/index.html b/12/index.html index a634932..7bdec86 100644 --- a/12/index.html +++ b/12/index.html @@ -55,30 +55,24 @@

~ examples

-

- ona li jan - anu soweli +

+ ona li jan + anu soweli

~ they're a person or a dog

-

- waso li ken tawa lon ma - anu sewi +

+ waso li ken tawa lon ma + anu sewi

~ birds can move on the ground or in the sky

-

- kasi anu suwi li ken moku +

+ kasi anu suwi li ken moku

~ plants or sweets can be food

@@ -96,10 +90,8 @@ and then ask which option the listener agrees with.

-

- waso anu soweli li ken. seme li pona mute tawa sina? +

+ waso anu soweli li ken. seme li pona mute tawa sina?

~ do you like birds or cats more?

(birds or cats are possible. which do you like more?)

diff --git a/4/index.html b/4/index.html index a8c9f48..5a9fd18 100644 --- a/4/index.html +++ b/4/index.html @@ -42,9 +42,10 @@ pali is not a general do like in english. every word in toki pona has the act of doing built into it when used as a verb.

-

- i did this
~ mi ni -

+
+

i did this

+

~ mi ni

+

lesson

@@ -54,20 +55,24 @@ you use the particle e to indicate who is being affected by the subject's action (the predicate)

-

- subject li - predicate e - direct object -

-

- jan li - pali e - tomo
~ the people - are building - a house -

+
+

+ subject li + predicate e + direct object +

+
+
+

+ jan li + pali e tomo +

+

+ ~ the people + are building + a house +

+

~ complex ideas

@@ -76,11 +81,11 @@ when you want to express more complex ideas, you should often split it up into several sentences.

-

- i saw the person who's building the house -
~ mi lukin e jan. ona li pali e tomo.
- (i saw a person. they were building a house.) -

+
+

i saw the person who's building the house

+

~ mi lukin e jan. ona li pali e tomo.

+

(i saw a person. they were building a house.)

+

you can also use the word ni to refer to an idea from a previous sentence, or to indicate you will elaborate on an idea in a future diff --git a/5/index.html b/5/index.html index d0939d5..655d746 100644 --- a/5/index.html +++ b/5/index.html @@ -1,171 +1,224 @@ - - - preverbs (lesson 5) - - - + + + preverbs (lesson 5) + + + - + +

+ lesson 5 - + preverbs +

-

lesson 5 - preverbs

+

vocab

+
+

󱥑 pipi - bug, insect, ant, spider

+

󱤷 moli - dead, dying

+

󱤎 ilo - tool, implement, machine, device

+
+

~ preverbs

+
+

+ 󱤖 kama - arriving, coming, future, summoned; (pv.) to become, manage, + to, succeed in +

+

+ 󱥷 wile - must, need, require, should, want, wish; (pv.) to want to, to + need to +

+

+ 󱤈 awen - enduring, kept, protected, safe, waiting, staying; (pv.) to + continue to, to keep +

+

+ 󱥡 sona - know, be skilled in, be wise about, have information on; (pv.) + to know how to +

+

󱤘 ken - be allowed to, can, may; possible; (pv.) to be able to

+

+ 󱤮 lukin - eye; look at, see, examine, observe, read, watch; look for, + seek; (pv.) try to +

+
+

~ notes

+
+

+ words have different meanings when used as preverbs and otherwise. the + preverb meaning of a word is marked with (pv.) +

+

+ there are two words you already know on this list, ken and lukin, but + their preverb meanings are new. +

+
-

vocab

-
-

󱥑 pipi - bug, insect, ant, spider

-

󱤷 moli - dead, dying

-

󱤎 ilo - tool, implement, machine, device

-
-

~ preverbs

-
-

󱤖 kama - arriving, coming, future, summoned; (pv.) to become, manage, to, succeed in

-

󱥷 wile - must, need, require, should, want, wish; (pv.) to want to, to need to

-

󱤈 awen - enduring, kept, protected, safe, waiting, staying; (pv.) to continue to, to keep

-

󱥡 sona - know, be skilled in, be wise about, have information on; (pv.) to know how to

-

󱤘 ken - be allowed to, can, may; possible; (pv.) to be able to

-

󱤮 lukin - eye; look at, see, examine, observe, read, watch; look for, seek; (pv.) try to

-
-

~ notes

-
-

words have different meanings when used as preverbs and otherwise. the preverb meaning of a word is marked with (pv.)

-

there are two words you already know on this list, ken and lukin, but their preverb meanings are new.

-
+

lesson

+

~ preverbs

+
+

preverbs go before the predicate and modify it.

+

+ they can be negated by the word ala, and otherwise you can't modify + preverbs.you can also use multiple preverbs at once +

+
+

+ subject li + preverb + predicate (e + object) +

+
+
-

lesson

-

~ preverbs

-
-

preverbs go before the predicate and modify it.

-

they can be negated by the word ala, and otherwise you can't modify preverbs.you can also use multiple preverbs at once

-

subject li preverb predicate (e object) -

-
- -

~ examples

-
-

mi ken ala moli e pipi
~ i can't kill the bug

-

jan li wile ala moku e pipi
~ people don't wanna eat bugs

-

sina ken kama pona
~ you can become good

-
+

~ examples

+
+
+

+ mi ken ala moli e pipi +

+

~ i can't kill the bug

+
+
+

+ jan li wile ala moku e pipi +

+

~ people don't wanna eat bugs

+
+
+

sina ken kama pona

+

~ you can become good

+
+
-

exercises

-

~ one for each preverb

-
-
- mi lukin pali e ilo pona -

i try to build good tools

-
+

exercises

+

~ one for each preverb

+
+
+ mi lukin pali e ilo pona +

i try to build good tools

+
-
- ona li wile moku e pipi -

they wanna eat bugs

-
+
+ ona li wile moku e pipi +

they wanna eat bugs

+
-
- jan li kama sona toki pona -

people learn to speak toki pona

-
+
+ jan li kama sona toki pona +

people learn to speak toki pona

+
-
- waso li sona waso -

birds know how to be birds

-
+
+ waso li sona waso +

birds know how to be birds

+
-
- waso suwi li awen wile e pipi -

the cute bird still wants a bug

-
+
+ waso suwi li awen wile e pipi +

the cute bird still wants a bug

+
-
- soweli li ken moku e sina😱 -

animals can eat you 😱

-
-
-

~ repetition

-
-
- i am protecting you -

mi awen e sina

-
+
+ soweli li ken moku e sina😱 +

animals can eat you 😱

+
+
+

~ repetition

+
+
+ i am protecting you +

mi awen e sina

+
-
- jan li kama e moku -

the person brings food

-
+
+ jan li kama e moku +

the person brings food

+
-
- this tool strengthens the bugs -

ilo ni li wawa e pipi

-
+
+ this tool strengthens the bugs +

ilo ni li wawa e pipi

+
-
- mi wile e ni: sina lukin e pipi pona -

i wish that you see good bugs

-
-
-

~ translate from toki pona to english

-
-
- mi ken awen wawa -

we can stay strong

-
+
+ mi wile e ni: sina lukin e pipi pona +

i wish that you see good bugs

+
+
+

+ ~ translate from toki pona to english +

+
+
+ mi ken awen wawa +

we can stay strong

+
-
- weka ona li wawa e jan mute -

their absence empowers the people

-
+
+ weka ona li wawa e jan mute +

their absence empowers the people

+
-
- ilo li ken ala moli -

tools can't kill

-
+
+ ilo li ken ala moli +

tools can't kill

+
-
- waso li pali e ilo toki -

the bat is making a phone (communication device)

-
+
+ waso li pali e ilo toki +

the bat is making a phone (communication device)

+
-
- jan li pali e ni: mi wile awen soweli -

people make me want to remain an animal

-
-
+
+ jan li pali e ni: mi wile awen soweli +

people make me want to remain an animal

+
+
-

~ translate from english to toki pona

-
-
- i wanna learn toki pona -

mi wile kama sona (e) toki pona

-
- -
- i can't see that -

mi ken ala lukin e ni

-
+

+ ~ translate from english to toki pona +

+
+
+ i wanna learn toki pona +

mi wile kama sona (e) toki pona

+
-
- your goodness can fix the colourful house -

pona sina li ken pona e tomo mute

-
+
+ i can't see that +

mi ken ala lukin e ni

+
-
- i saw that you fixed our house -

mi lukin e ni: sina pona e tomo mi

-
+
+ your goodness can fix the colourful house +

pona sina li ken pona e tomo mute

+
-
- i'm trying to see my glasses -

mi lukin lukin e ilo lukin mi

-
-
- -

navigation

-
- prev 󱤖 - 󱤪 index - story 󱥠 - 󱥩 next -
- - +
+ i saw that you fixed our house +

mi lukin e ni: sina pona e tomo mi

+
+ +
+ i'm trying to see my glasses +

mi lukin lukin e ilo lukin mi

+
+
+ +

navigation

+
+ prev 󱤖 + 󱤪 index + story 󱥠 + 󱥩 next +
+ + diff --git a/6/index.html b/6/index.html index 351d381..15b39ce 100644 --- a/6/index.html +++ b/6/index.html @@ -53,12 +53,14 @@ the phrase. the particle pi creates a second phrase which modifies the first phrase.

-

- ijo pona mute
~ many good things -

-

- ijo pi pona mute
~ very good thing -

+
+

ijo pona mute

+

~ many good things

+
+
+

ijo pi pona mute

+

~ very good thing

+

in the first example, mute modifies ijo pona, while in the second example, pona mute modifies ijo @@ -76,18 +78,18 @@

~ examples

-

- mi toki e ijo pi pona mute
~ i talk - about very good things -

-

- mi toki e ijo pona mute
~ i talk - about many good things -

-

- mi toki e ijo mute pi pona mute
~ i - talk about many very good things -

+
+

mi toki e ijo pi pona mute

+

~ i talk about very good things

+
+
+

mi toki e ijo pona mute

+

~ i talk about many good things

+
+
+

mi toki e ijo mute pi pona mute

+

~ i talk about many very good things

+

exercises

diff --git a/7/index.html b/7/index.html index 3517f3d..9758de6 100644 --- a/7/index.html +++ b/7/index.html @@ -42,66 +42,95 @@ the word ala. the preposition is appended to the end of the sentence, followed by a phrase.

-

- subject li (predicate - e object) - preposition - phrase -

-

- mi pali +

+

+ subject li (predicate + e object) + preposition + phrase +

+
+
+

+ mi pali lon - tomo moku -
~ i - work at - a restaurant -

+ tomo moku +

+

+ ~ i work + at + a restaurant +

+

the preposition can also be the predicate

-

- ona li lon - tomo mi -
~ they - are at my house -

+
+

+ ona li lon + tomo mi +

+

+ ~ they are at + my house +

+

prepositions can also be used as regular words

-

- tawa sina li - musi -
~ your movements - are amusing -

+
+

+ tawa sina li + musi +

+

+ ~ your movements + are amusing +

+

~ examples

-

- mani mute li +

+

+ mani mute li lon - tomo mani -
~ there's lots of money at the bank -

-

- jan li tawa tomo sina
~ a person - comes over to your house -

-

- mi pali e ijo mute kepeken ilo
~ i - make lots of things with tools -

-

- mi tawa e tomo sina
~ i move your - house -

+ tomo mani +

+

~ there's lots of money at the bank

+
+
+

+ jan li tawa + tomo sina +

+

+ ~ a person + comes over to + your house +

+
+
+

+ mi pali e + ijo mute + kepeken ilo +

+

+ ~ i make + lots of things + with tools +

+
+
+

+ mi tawa e + tomo sina +

+

+ ~ i move + your house +

+

exercises

diff --git a/8/index.html b/8/index.html index d314a88..37629fb 100644 --- a/8/index.html +++ b/8/index.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ - locative and temporal statements (lesson 8) + time and place (lesson 8) lesson 8 - locative and temporal statementstime and place statements

vocab

-

~ temporal

+

~ time

󱥫 tenpo - time, duration, moment, occasion, period, situation

-

~ locative

+

~ place

󱤅 anpa - bowing down, downward, humble, lowly, dependent; bottom, lower @@ -41,28 +41,36 @@

lesson

-

~ locative

+

~ place

to express relative location, use the locative words.

you can combine them with the preposition lon to say "at (place)

-

- lon sewi
~ up, above, in the sky -

+
+

lon sewi

+

~ up, above, in the sky

+
+
+

~ examples

+
+
+

jan li lon anpa tomo

+

~ people are under the house

+
+
+

+ waso li + tawa lon + sewi pi soweli sina +

+

+ ~ birds + are flying + above your pet +

+
-

~ locative examples

-
-

- jan li lon anpa tomo
~ people are - under the house -

-

- waso li tawa lon sewi pi soweli sina
~ birds are flying above your house -

-
- -

~ temporal

+

~ time

the word tenpo is useful for talking about time.

@@ -70,25 +78,60 @@ tenpo X"

- -

~ temporal examples

+

~ examples

-

- mi tawa sina lon tenpo kama
~ i go to - you in the future -

-

- jan li pali lon tenpo ni
~ the person - is working at that time -

-

- mi wile ala pali lon tenpo lon
~ i - don't want to work right now -

-

- waso li tawa sewi lon tenpo ale
~ - birds always move in the sky -

+
+

+ mi tawa + sina lon + tenpo kama +

+

+ ~ i go + to you + in + the future +

+
+
+

+ jan li + pali lon + tenpo ni +

+

+ ~ the person + is working + at + that time +

+
+
+

+ mi wile ala + pali lon + tenpo lon +

+

+ ~ i + don't want to + work + right now +

+
+
+

+ waso tawa + sewi lon + tenpo ale +

+

+ ~ birds + always + move + in the sky +

+

exercises

diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index b333e6d..10246d4 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -96,9 +96,7 @@
  • lesson 6 - pi
  • lesson 7 - prepositions
  • - lesson 8 - locative and
    temporal statements     + lesson 8 - time and place
  • lesson 9 - names
  • lesson 10 - a!